箜篌的前世今生
古代豎箜篌 Ancient Chinese Harp (Angular harp) photo credit Wong Wai Kee 箜篌老匠人 黄禕琦老師 授權使用
讓我們回到過去，歷史悠久的箜篌，源遠流長。最初名曰坎侯或空侯，有卧、豎兩種類型。遠在春秋戰國之初，中國南方楚國就已經有與琴、瑟相像的卧箜篌了。漢代劉向《世本·作篇》有：“空侯，空國侯所造”和“空侯，師延所作，靡靡之音也。出於濮上，取空國之侯名也 ”的記載。隋唐時期曾用於西涼、龜茲、疏勒、高麗、印度諸樂中，並東傳日本。在古代皇室樂中，箜篌是不可缺少的，而且在演奏中還是主要的樂器之一。由於它有弦數組，不僅能演奏旋律，也能奏出和絃，在獨奏或伴奏方面都較其它樂器更為優越。豎箜篌也東傳日本，在奈良東大寺的正倉院中，至今還珍藏着唐代製作的一架漆箜篌和一架螺鈿箜篌殘件，這是中日兩國文化交流的歷史見證。箜篌在宋元兩代繼續流傳，明代漸少使用，後失傳達三百年之久。現在圖上所見，為我們香港土生土長的黄禕琦老師與妻子許碧蘭老師窮一生精力，根據歷史數據和經驗累積去高度復原的古代豎箜篌。
The Konghou we see today is not what it used to look like in ancient. In the old time, it had one line of strings unlike the modern one. It was popular along the silk road, especially in Tang dynasty. It was a frequent guest in the palace, even made its name to Japan and India. When you visit the museum in Shōsōin Shoso Repository (正倉院), you will see the ancient Konghou. After Ming dynasty, Konghou disappeared in the Chinese history for 300 years. Fortunately, we can see the Ancient konghou again. Teacher Wong Wei Kee and his wife Xu Bilan, the couple, sold their assets to travel around the world and museums to collect the data. Combining the history and the data, they restored the ancient Konghou.
(Left)Seven inflexion Konghou, non-inflexion Konghou, Lever Konghou and travelling Konghou （左起）七轉調箜篌， 不轉調箜篌，一帶二手撥轉調箜篌及小箜篌
Modern Konghou (Chinese harp) 現代箜篌
20世紀30年代以後，中國音樂界、樂器界有識之士竭力復興這項古老的樂器藝術。70年代後期開始走上歷程艱辛的現代箜篌探索之路。1984年中國研製出轉調箜篌。如今，新式的豎箜篌，已用於獨奏、重奏、器樂合奏、歌舞伴奏或與樂隊協奏，成為民族管絃樂隊和民族樂團中的一名成員，深受各族人民的歡迎、喜愛和好評。
In the 20th century, Chinese musicians and conservatory faculty members in China tried their best to set up a path for modern Konghou. Eventually, a inflexion Konghou was born in 1984. Nowadays, you will see modern Konghou in the solo or ensemble performances. Konghou is also getting a place in the orchestras as well. People are taking notice of this beautiful instrument.
電郵 ：konghouhk@gmail.com
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11 Sze Shan St, Yau Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
地址：香港油塘四山街11號2樓A1室
Workshop 1, Flat A, 2/F, Wah Lee Ind Blg, 11 Sze Shan Street, Yau Tong KLN
Facebook: Caroline Lynn Zheng and Konghou Studio
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